Myloplus sauron: The Vegetarian “Piranha” of the Amazon

In the heart of the Amazon rainforest, where biodiversity thrives, scientists have recently discovered a remarkable fish species that challenges our preconceptions. Meet Myloplus sauron, affectionately named after J.R.R. Tolkien’s infamous villain, Sauron. Unlike its bloodthirsty namesake, this aquatic creature has a more peaceful appetite, primarily feasting on plants.

Myloplus sauron boasts a distinctive appearance—a round body adorned with a large black band down its side. The pattern resembles the iconic Eye of Sauron, especially with the orange patches on its body. But fear not; this fish won’t devour its enemies. Instead, it delicately grazes on aquatic vegetation, contributing to the delicate balance of the Amazon ecosystem.

Piranhas and their vegetarian relatives, the pacus, often confound scientists. Myloplus sauron is part of an effort to untangle this confusion. These fish share similar features, making differentiation challenging. Yet, understanding their roles in the ecosystem is crucial.

Contrary to their menacing reputation, piranhas aren’t ruthless killers. Teddy Roosevelt’s vivid account of a cow torn apart by piranhas fueled their fearsome image. In reality, piranhas rarely reduce animals to bones in seconds. Their aggression stems from hunger or nest defense, not malevolence.

While Myloplus sauron nibbles on plants, the tambaqui (or pacu) takes center stage as the Amazon’s champion gardener. Weighing up to 30 kilograms, the tambaqui swims through flooded forests, devouring fallen fruits. Its vegetarian diet contributes to seed dispersal and forest regeneration.

Myloplus sauron reminds us that nature’s complexity often defies stereotypes. As we explore the Amazon’s hidden treasures, let’s keep an eye out for more undiscovered species—each with its unique role in this vibrant ecosystem.